Incorporating Educational Vocabulary in Learning Object Metadata Schemas Jian Qin School of Information Studies Syracuse University USA [email protected] 02/14/20 Jean Godby OCLC Online Computer Library Center Dublin, Ohio USA [email protected] Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL200 3 1 Content
Defining an educational vocabulary Use of educational vocabulary in metadata schemas Need for educational vocabulary Creating educational vocabulary as an ontology Further study 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 2 Defining an educational
vocabulary A collection of terms that represent educational characteristics in learning objects and may be used as: 02/14/20 element or attribute tags predefined lists of values for metadata elements Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 3 Use of educational vocabulary in metadata schemas (1) Studied four educational
metadata schemas: 02/14/20 Educational Markup Language (EML) Gateway to Educational Materials (GEM) IEEE Learning Object Metadata / IMS (LOM/IMS) Training Exchange Definition (TED) Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 4 Use of educational vocabulary in metadata schemas (2) Frequency distribution of schema components by vocabulary type
02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 5 Use of educational vocabulary in metadata schemas (3) Findings: 02/14/20 Elements and other metadata components in educational category counted for 29% of all There was a lack of terms for identifying learning objectives, models, or contexts
Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 6 Use of educational vocabulary in metadata schemas (4) Category Vocabulary used in educational elements Form Unit-of-study, LearningResourceType, Conclusion, Content, CourseMedia, CourseSession, Image, Introduction, Presentation, ProgramSessionName, TrainingCourse, TrainingProgram, Unit, ProgramSession, UnitSession General Educational, Emphasis, SemanticDensity, CertificatesOrDiplomas, completeName, Denomination, function, location, organism, Partnership, trainingContact Learning
Difficulty, InteractivityLevel, InteractivityType, TypicalLearningTime, competence, level, levelType, objective, objectives, pointDealtWith, prerequisites, subPointDealtWith 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 7 Need for educational vocabulary Learning object creators: Need a taxonomy with a high degree of specificity for content structure markup Collection providers:
Need learning-related terms to create finer-grained metadata Educators and learners: 02/14/20 Need to retrieve and select learning objects more effectively based on their instructional and learning purpose and context Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 8 Sample educational vocabulary (1) Educational vocabulary is created as an ontology
Possible use in metadata Collaborative Collaborative learningTeaming learningTeaming 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 9 Sample educational vocabulary (2) ActionArticulate ActionArticulate Competency Competency
Comprehension Comprehension ContextEducation ContextEducationfor for creativity creativity Possible use in metadata 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 10 Creating educational vocabulary as an ontology Sources of terms:
Literature in learning theory and learning objects Terms used in learning objects Dewey Decimal Classification, ERIC Thesaurus Classes: the knowledge structure Slots: facets and connectors of classes Instances: patterns for acquiring new vocabulary 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 11 Related research
Adaptivity metadata elements (Conlan et al, 2001) DC-Edu Learning technologies vocabulary registry (CEN/ISSS) 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 12 Summary An educational vocabulary is necessary for:
The vocabulary should be specific enough to be used as: Metadataautomatic generation and indexing learning object authoring tools Element and attribute tags Predefined values for these elements and attributes The vocabulary needs to be tested with learning object designers, educators, and learners 02/14/20 Educational Vocabulary -- ECDL2003 13
