High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of AGN Warm Absorbers

High-Resolution X-ray Spectroscopy of AGN Warm Absorbers Rebecca Smith MSSL, UCL with G. Branduardi-Raymont and M. Page Aims Studying a variety of AGN warm absorbers Comparison offers clues to dynamics, chemical composition, physical structure and origin High-resolution soft X-ray spectra vital diagnostic tool Three objects presented today, focussing on data from XMM-Newton RGS Objects

Markarian 509 Very high luminosity Seyfert 1 Seyfert 1 L2-10keV = 1.3-2.6x1044erg s-1 z=0.034 Galactic NH=4.4x1020cm-2

Arakelian 564 Bright X-ray NLS1 L2-10keV = 2.4x1043erg s-1 NLS1 z=0.025 Galactic NH=6.4x1020cm-2 Spectral variation between

observations L2-10keV = 8x1042-3x1043erg s-1 Galactic NH=5.8x1020cm-2 1H 0707-495 NLS1 z=0.041 Markarian 509 XMM-Newton RGS Flux (photons m-2s-1-1)

Smith et al. 2007 Wavelength () Phase 1: log = 0.890.07 outflow vel = 510200km s-1 NH = 0.79x1021cm-2 Phase 2: log =2.140.08

outflow vel = 260120km s-1 NH = 0.75x1021cm-2 Phase 3: log = 3.260.03 outflow vel = 60100km s-1 NH = 5.50x1021cm-2 Thermal Stability Graph Pressure form ionization parameter:

T Phases with the same value of can be in pressure equilibrium and so exist within the same cloud Smith et al. 2007 Arakelian 564 XMM-Newton RGS Flux (photons m-2s-1-1) Smith et al. in prep Wavelength ()

Phase 1: log = 0.290.20 outflow vel = 1090km s-1 Col Dens = 0.31x1021cm-2 Phase 2: log = 2.560.09 outflow vel = 20100km s-1

Col Dens = 0.71x1021cm-2 Narrow emission lines from OVIII and NVII with outflow velocity ~ 500km s-1 1H 0707-495 Normalized counts /s / keV XMM-Newton EPIC PN 2002 2000 Spectral changes between 2000 observation (black) and 2002 observation (red) Shift in energy of large feature at ~7keV Gallo et al. 2004

Energy (keV) Counts m-2s-1-1 XMM-Newton RGS 1H 0707-495 20022 2000 Wavelength () 1H 0707-495 XMM-Newton RGS Two features, with ~8% energy shift Change in ionization or velocity?

2000 Smith et al. in prep Wavelength () normalized counts s-1keV-1 Counts m-2s-1-1 2002 XMM-Newton EPIC PN 1H 0707-495 2002 2000 Gallo et al. 2004 Energy (keV) 1H 0707-495

XMM-Newton RGS Counts m-2s-1-1 2000 2002 10 15 20 25 Wavelength () 30 35 XMM-Newton RGS

Markarian 509 Counts m-2s-1-1 Arakelian 564 1H 0707-495 2002 1H 0707-495 2000 Wavelength () 10 15 20 25 30 35 Conclusions

Have analysed three Seyfert 1s with high-resolution soft Xray spectra Interesting diversity of characteristics in outflows and emission features Connected UV and X-ray absorbers in Mrk 509 and Ark 564 Mrk 509 shows strong broad emission lines consistent with the optical broad line region Ark 564 has a highly ionized absorber with a surprisingly low outflow velocity 1H 0707-495 shows dramatic soft X-ray spectral variability in strength of warm absorber and energy of 'shoulder'