#10 & #11 : Quality Function Deployment (QFD) QFD Missing Link IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering Quality Lever Product Design Process Design Production Improve Product 100:1 10:1 PAYOFFS IE, POSTECH
1:1 Quality Engineering Tools for Quality Improvement Customers n ig es SP C ct io n D ct D QF Pr od u
Quality of Design u od Pr Quality of Manufacture DOE/Taguchi Process Design Operators IE, POSTECH Quality of Design Designers Quality Engineering Japanese / U.S. Engineering Change Comparison IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering QFD: Applications in 1990s
QFD Applications Presented at Annual QFD Symposium Year Manufacturing Service Administraton Others 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 4 2 5 10 15 6 6 7
8 2 1 0 7 12 8 10 4 3 5 4 3 1 5 4 7 7 3 3 5 2 2 3 4 4 2
3 7 3 4 3 Total 65 (33%) 54 (28%) 40 (21%) 35 (18%) QFD: Applications in 1990s (continued) Manufacturing Automotive, Electronics, Computer, Aerospace, etc. Service Healthcare, Education, Hotel, Telecommunications, Energy, etc. Administration Strategic planning, Organization/Process Reengineering, Human resource management, Marketing, Auditing, etc. Others Software design, Information systems, Military, Construction industry, Environment, etc.
IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering House of Quality House of Quality: Schematic Correlations among ECs (Design Tradeoffs) EC1 EC2 ...... ECn CA2 C A Im portance CA1 ...... W h ats (Cu stomer Attrib u tes)
Hows (Engineering Characteristics) Relationships between CAs and ECs (Hows and Whats) Customer perception of CAs for company and competitors (Customer Competitive Analysis) CAm Current EC levels (Technical Competitive Analysis) Target EC levels (How Much) IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering House of Quality: Video Game
HOQ Guideline (1) IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering HOQ Guideline (2) IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering House of Quality: MOFA FUSE Example IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering House of Quality: Air Conditioning Control Device (Eaton) IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering House of Quality: Car Door Example Customer Attributes (Whats) x1 x2
Easy to close from outside Stays open on a hill Rain leakage Road noise Cost y1 y2 y3 0.3 y4 y5 x6 Water resistance Road noise reduction Door seal resistance Design Tradeoffs Check force on 10% slope x4
Check force on level ground x2 Energy to close the door Engineering Characteristics (Hows) Relative importance x1 x3 x5 x 3 x4 x 5 x 6 A's B's C's D's E's F's
min. max. 1.6 3.7 3.3 4.0 3.2 1.7 2.7 1 5 1.4 0.2 1.7 1.8
1.1 3.6 3.5 1 5 0.1 3.7 2.9 2.7 3.9 3.1 2.8 4.0 1 5
0.1 3.0 4.9 2.2 3.0 3.8 4.2 3.2 1 5 0.3 4.0 2.5 3.8 2.9
3.5 4.3 3.6 1 5 .42 .50 .46 .64 .57 .45 .58 ft-lb lb lb
lb/ft db psi Our car door 11 12 6 3 9 70 Company A's car door 9 12 6 2
5 60 Company B's car door 9.5 11 7 2 6 60 Company C's car door 8.5 14 7.5 3.5 6
65 Measurement units Objective measures ours 2.9 Z Value IE, POSTECH Customer Perceptions (Customer Competitive Analysis) Company D's car door 10 13 6.5 2 7
60 Company E's car door 10.5 10 5.5 2 8 60 Company F's car door 8.9 14 8 3 6 63
minimum 8 9 5 1 5 50 maximum 12 15 9 5 10 100 Quality Engineering
QFD QFD HOQ , QFD . 3 . . 9 . - : , , diary/ , , , - : , , IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering QFD ( ) HOQ - CA 8~10 , EC 10 ~ 15 . (HOQ , .) - Benchmarking 3 / ,
1 / , / . CA EC - CA : - EC : / IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering QFD ( ) Relationship & Correlation Matrix - Cross-Functional Team ( : , , , ) Teamwork - Brainstorming - - (Consensus) Software - VOC Expert Choice, HOQ QFD Designer Software . IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering House of Quality: Worksheet
QFD QFD Hauser, J. R. and Clausing, D. The House of Quality, Harvard Business Review, Vol. 66, 1988, pp. 63-73. , "QFDQFD ,"QFD IE , 2 1 , 1995 3 , pp. 16-21. Kim, K. and Moskowitz, H., "QFDQuality Function Deployment: Optimizing Product/Process Design, Integrated Product, Process and Enterprise Design (Ed. Ben Wang), Chapman & Hall, London, 1997, pp. 64-90. Kim, K., Quality Function Deployment: Basic Mechanism, IE671 Class Notes, POSTECH. (http://kayak.postech.ac.kr) IE, POSTECH Quality Engineering
