Chapter 9 - Section 1 Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium

Chapter 9 Heat Section 1: Temperature and Thermal Equilibrium St. Augustine Preparatory School January 10, 2017 Temperature vs Heat What is the real difference? https://

www.youtube.com/ watch?v=wTi3Hn09OBs Temperature Adding or removing energy usually changes temperature. Temperature is proportional to kinetic energy. Internal Energy: the energy of a substance due to both the random motion of particles and the

potential energy that results from the distances and alignments between the particles Thermal Equilibrium: when two bodies in contact have the same temperature Not in Thermal Equilibrium: In Thermal Equilibrium:

Temperature is never measured directly. Thermometer (mercury or ethanol): Measures the expansion or compression of the liquid in the thermometer, ie. How much the liquid has risen or fallen. Thermostats Thermostat: A device that regulates temperature in houses, vehicles, etc. The simplest kinds are made of a

bimetallic strip and a bulb filled with mercury. Mercury is liquid at room temperature and conducts electricity. Important Temperatures Information Converting Celsius to Fahrenheit TF = (9/5)TC + 32 Example: 24C to Fahrenheit TF = (9/5)(24C) + 32C = 75.2F = 75F

Normal Body Temperature: 37 C or 98.6F Water Freezes: 0C or 32F Water Boils: 100C or 212F Celsius is part of the metric system, while Fahrenheit is part of the imperial system. Random Facts: 1795: France is the first country to use the

metric system 1912: Metric becomes compulsory in Nicaragua, CR, Guatemala, Honduras, and Salvador 1970: Canada shows up late to the party and decides to switch from imperial to metric 2016: USA, Liberia (Africa), and Myanmar (Burma, SE Asia) are the only three remaining to use the imperial system.

Celsius to Kelvin Kelvin is a temperature scale that uses absolute 0 (the coldest possible) as its base. No negative temperatures in Kelvin Conversion: TK = TC + 273.15 Where TK is the temp in Kelvin and TC is the temp in Celsius.

Example Problems 1. The lowest outdoor temperature ever recorded on Earth was -128.6F at the Soviet Vostok Station in Antarctica on July 21, 1983. What is this temperature on the Celsius and Kelvin scale? 2. The highest temperature recorded on Earth was 56.7C on July 10, 1913 at Furnace Creek Ranch,

California (located in Death Valley). What was this temperature in Fahrenheit and Celsius? Example Problems 1. The lowest outdoor temperature ever recorded on Earth was -128.6F at the Soviet Vostok Station in Antarctica on July 21, 1983. What is this temperature on the Celsius and Kelvin scale? (53.67C, 326.8K)

2. The highest temperature recorded on Earth was 56.7C on July 10, 1913 at Furnace Creek Ranch, California (located in Death Valley). What was this temperature in Fahrenheit and Kelvin? (134F, 330K) Temperature and Your Body >41C (105.8F): Proteins denature (melt). Good chance youre going to die if your temp. rises much above 41C and remains

there 40C (104F) : Fainting, dehydration, weakness, vomiting, 39C (102.2F) : Severe sweating, flushed and red, increased heart rate, breathlessness 37C (98.6F) : Normal body temperature 35C (95F) : Intense shivering, numbness and bluish/grayness of the skin 32C(89.6F) : Hallucinations, complete confusion, extreme sleepiness

26-24C(78.8F-75.2F) : Possible death from irregular heart beat or respiratory arrest Temperatures Around the World Why do different parts of the world have significantly different temperatures?